1. Basic Definition and Core Functions
A clean operating room is a core medical unit in modern hospitals for various surgical operations, minimally invasive treatments and emergency rescues. It is vital to guarantee surgical quality, prevent nosocomial infections and protect patient safety during operations.

Compared with ordinary operating rooms, it adopts a complete professional air purification system, environmental control system and standardized construction criteria to conduct all-round dynamic monitoring on airborne particles, microbial content, temperature, humidity, pressure difference and airflow distribution indoors.

With multi-stage air filtration, directional airflow replacement and continuous ventilation decontamination technologies, pollutants including bacteria, fungi, suspended particles and dust are controlled within national medical standard limits. It greatly reduces risks of incision infection, postoperative complications and cross infection. Capable of meeting strict environmental demands for high-precision, sterile and complicated surgeries, it safeguards patients’ safety and recovery, and serves as a key indicator evaluating hospital surgical capability and modernization level.

2. Scope of Application
It accommodates surgeries of different complexities across multiple departments, covering sophisticated aseptic operations, general surgeries and precise microsurgeries.

High-grade sterile precision surgery: Organ transplantation, cardiac surgery, neurosurgery, artificial joint replacement and ophthalmic microsurgery. These operations feature delicate wounds, weak patient immunity and long exposure time, requiring ultra-high sterility to avoid severe postoperative infection.

General major surgery: Surgeries conducted in thoracic surgery, hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, general surgery, urology, orthopedics and plastic surgery. It offers stable, clean and safe conditions for open surgery, minimally invasive surgery and plastic repair surgery.

3. Core Airflow Organization Principle
The purification effect relies on scientific airflow design. Discarding irregular natural ventilation, three mainstream airflow modes including unidirectional flow, low-turbulence displacement flow and mixed air supply are applied according to different cleanliness grades.

Clean air processed by primary, medium and high-efficiency filters is delivered continuously via top and side air supply units to replace polluted indoor air in steady directional flow. Matching return and exhaust systems discharge dust, bacteria, waste gas and other contaminants generated during surgery. Continuous air circulation maintains stable cleanliness, humidity and air pressure, creating an optimal sterile and dust-free surgical environment and eliminating air turbidity, pollutant accumulation and bacterial growth.

4. Construction and Layout Standards
The construction complies with principles of clear zoning, smooth circulation, separation of clean and contaminated areas and cross-infection prevention. The whole area is divided into clean and non-clean zones with physical isolation to avoid hospital-acquired infection.

Functional areas are classified into clean operation zone, quasi-clean zone and non-clean buffer zone. Supporting facilities such as operating rooms, anesthesia rooms, recovery rooms, instrument storage rooms, sterile material warehouses, waste disposal rooms and staff lounges are reasonably arranged to support full surgical procedures.

Strict separation of pedestrian and logistics flow is implemented. Medical staff and patients access the area through dedicated clean passages; surgical instruments and sterile supplies are transported via special clean channels; medical waste and contaminated articles are carried through exclusive polluted routes. Scientific layout eliminates cross-contamination risks and sustains long-term safe and clean surgical conditions.

5. Core Value and Application Significance
The rapid advancement of modern surgery makes minimally invasive therapy, organ transplantation and complex cardiocerebral surgeries prevalent, bringing higher requirements for surgical environments.

Standardized environmental control, airflow purification and layout management effectively cut infection rates, raise surgical success rates, shorten recovery periods and improve medical service quality. Furthermore, well-built clean operating departments lay a solid foundation for hospitals to carry out advanced surgical treatment, handle difficult cases and enhance comprehensive medical competitiveness